| Typical Feed Gas |
Refinery gas, reforming gas, purge gas, syngas |
| Target Product |
High-purity H₂ |
| Main Separation Objective |
Hydrogen recovery and purification |
| Typical Membrane Material |
Modified polymer (polyimide-based) |
| Membrane Structure |
Hollow fiber membrane |
| Separation Principle |
Solution–diffusion based on permeation rate differences |
| Fast Gases |
H₂, H₂O |
| Slow Gases |
CO, CO₂, N₂, CH₄, hydrocarbons |
| Driving Force |
Partial pressure difference across membrane |
| Typical Product Purity |
H₂: 85–95 mol% (single stage) |
| Typical Recovery Rate |
H₂ recovery >90% |
| Membrane Module Design |
Shell-and-tube–type membrane separator |
| Module Construction |
Tens of thousands of hollow fibers potted with epoxy resin |
| Flow Configuration |
Axial flow along fiber length |
| Pressure Vessel Standards |
ASME, European, Russian, Chinese standards |
| Module Configuration |
Series / parallel |
| External-Pressure Membranes |
PO, P2, P3 (process gas treatment) |
| Operating Pressure |
Close to feed gas pressure |
| Operating Temperature Sensitivity |
Performance affected by temperature and pressure |
| Start-up Time |
<10 minutes |
| Maintenance Requirement |
No moving parts, minimal maintenance |
| Membrane Lifetime |
≥10 years |
| System Form |
Skid-mounted |
| Flexibility & Scalability |
Easy capacity expansion by adding modules |
| Energy Consumption |
Low, no cryogenic or regeneration energy |
| Typical Applications |
Refinery hydrogen recovery, methanol purge gas, PSA off-gas recovery |
| Environmental Adaptability |
Industrial environments |
